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freedom |
love |
creativity |
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autonomy |
relations |
quality |
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addiction |
loneliness |
boredom |
Addiction
is a counterpart of freedom. The reason why habits like drinking,
smoking and taking drugs and medicine are addictive are alike.
There is something in it (nicotine, alcohol etc.) that gradually
makes you dependant. But working conditions or relationships
can be addictive too. Staying free of addiction is not only
beneficial for your own health, it will affect others too.
So what to do if you realize that you're getting hooked?
The Internet can help you make it through the difficult times
when you made your decision and have doubts and are tempted to fall back.
To optimally face the risks and avoid the pitfalls, you better
be informed about what to expect and what you will encounter. The site of
ASH (Action on Smoking and Health) describes what the beneficial health
changes are when you stop smoking. Reading this might motivate you. They
also describe the duration of the withdrawal symptoms. Please
refer to their factsheet (11)
The ASH also has 15 tips (extraction of factsheet 24):
- Get professional help.
Your doctor, pharmacist, or health visitor should also give
advice and they should tell you if there are special services
for smokers in your area. See also ASH's quitting links
for further help and resources.
- Prepare mentally. You
are not alone! 70% of British smokers would like to quit
and about three million try each year. More than 11 million
people in Britain have quit and are now ex-smokers. However,
it can be tough and you will need lots of willpower to break
the hold of nicotine - a powerful and addictive drug. An
important part of this is to know what you would gain and
what you would lose from stopping smoking.
- Demolish smoking myths.
Soon after smoking a cigarette the body and brain start
to want more nicotine and many people begin to feel increasingly
uncomfortable until they have the next cigarette. Smoking
feels pleasurable, but much of the pleasure of smoking is
relief of withdrawal from nicotine. There are times that
many people feel distracted or unable to enjoy themselves
because you they were not able to smoke. This is nicotine
withdrawal in action. If you see it this way, cigarettes
are not a familiar friend but more like a greedy parasite
demanding constant attention.
- Understand what to expect.
Most people find the first few days difficult and for some
it can be a long struggle, but things will typically start
to get better after the third or fourth day. Nicotine withdrawal
may make you restless, irritable, frustrated, sleepless,
or accident prone - but these things will pass and you will
quickly start to feel the benefits. See the ASH fact sheet
on what happens when you give up smoking.
- Make a list of reasons
why you want to stop smoking. It means different things
to different people, but if you know what you want from
stopping, it could help you through the most difficult moments.
- Consider the money.
(smoking 20 a day can cost £1,600 per year).
- Set a date. Some people
make a New Year's Day resolution, others pick their birthday,
and you can join in with others on No Smoking Day - the
second Wednesday of every March - when up to a million smokers
have a go. Any day will do, but choosing a date will help
mental preparation.
- Involve friends or family.
If you live with someone else that smokes, it will be much
easier to quit if you do it together.
- Deal with nicotine withdrawal.Nicotine
is a powerful addictive drug (see ASH fact sheet on nicotine)
and you can roughly double the chances of successfully quitting
smoking by using nicotine replacement therapies such as
patches, lozenges, inhalers, and/or gum. The idea is to
come off nicotine gradually by using a low nicotine dose
to take the edge off the cravings and have a 'soft landing'.
- Other treatments may help.
Hypnosis, acupuncture or other treatments may help some
people, but there isn't much formal evidence supporting
their effectiveness.
- Find a (temporary) substitute
habit. Smoking also involves having something to do
with the hands or mouth.
- Deal with any weight-gain
worries. Yes it is true: many people do gain weight
when they quit smoking. Nicotine changes the appetite and
body's energy use (metabolism).
- Avoid temptation. In
the difficult first few days you can change your routine
to avoid situations where you would usually smoke. For example,
it might be worth avoiding the pub on the first Friday night
after you quit.
- Stop completely. Although
it might seem like a good idea to cut down and then stop,
this is actually very difficult to do in practice. If you
cut down, the likely response is that you will smoke each
cigarette more intensively and end up doing yourself just
as much harm. The best approach is to go for a complete
break and use nicotine replacement products (see above)
to help take the edge off the withdrawal symptoms.
- Watch out for relapse.
You will need to be on your guard especially in the first
few days and weeks. "I'll have just one, it can't harm"
is the top of a long and slippery slope. If you are upset
or under pressure, it is really important to fight off the
temptation to smoke - don't let this be an excuse for slipping
back. You could lose everything you've achieved just in
a momentary lapse.
Also The Cancer Organization has made a guide for quitting
smoking. We cite from their tips
for Dealing With Withdrawal
Withdrawal from nicotine has two parts - the physical and
the psychological. The physical symptoms, while annoying, are not life threatening.
Nicotine replacement can help reduce many of these physical symptoms. But
most users find that the bigger challenge is the psychological part of quitting.
If you have been using tobacco for any length of time, it
has become linked with many of your activities - watching TV; attending
sport events; while fishing, camping, or hunting; or driving your car. It
will take time to "un-link" smoking from these activities. That is why,
even if you are using the patch or gum, you may still have strong urges
to smoke.
One way to overcome these urges or cravings is to recognize
rationalizations as they come up. A rationalization is a mistaken belief
that seems to make sense at the time but is not based on facts. If you have
tried to quit before, you will probably recognize many of these common rationalizations.
- I'll just use it to get through this rough
spot.
- Today is not a good day; I'll quit tomorrow.
- It's my only vice.
- How bad is tobacco, really? Uncle Harry
chewed all his life and he lived to be over 90.
- You've got to die of something.
- Life is no fun without smoking.
- You probably can add more to the list.
As you go through the first few days without tobacco, write down any rationalizations
as they come up and recognize them for what they are: messages that can
trap you into going back to using tobacco. Use the ideas below to help
you keep your commitment to quitting.
Avoid people and places where you are tempted to smoke.
Later on you will be able to handle these with more confidence.
Alter your habits. Switch to juices or water instead
of alcohol or coffee. Take a different route to work. Take a brisk walk
instead of a coffee break.
Alternatives. Use oral substitutes such as sugarless
gum or hard candy, raw vegetables such as carrot sticks, or sunflower seeds.
Activities. Exercise or do hobbies that keep your
hands busy, such as needlework or woodworking, that can help distract you
from the urge to smoke.
Deep breathing. When you were smoking, you breathed
deeply as you inhaled the smoke. When the urge strikes now, breathe deeply
and picture your lungs filling with fresh, clean air. Remind yourself of
your reasons for quitting and the benefits you'll gain as an ex-smoker.
Delay. If you feel that you are about to light up,
delay. Tell yourself you must wait at least 10 minutes. Often this simple
trick will allow you to move beyond the acute urge to smoke.
What you're doing is not easy, so you deserve
a reward. Put the money you would have spent on tobacco
in a jar every day and then buy yourself a weekly treat. Buy
a magazine, go out to eat, call a friend long-distance. Or
save the money for a major purchase. You can also reward yourself
in ways that don't cost money: take time out to read, work
on a hobby, or take a relaxing bath.
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